Hysteroscopy What It Is, Procedure & Cost

What Is Hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy is a specialized medical examination that allows the gynecologist to visually inspect the inside of the uterus in real time. The procedure is carried out using a thin, illuminated tube — the hysteroscope — which is carefully inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterine cavity. Thanks to the technology of the instrument, the doctor can detect abnormalities that may not be visible in other imaging tests.

Hysteroscopy is applied for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In most cases, it concerns the investigation of uterine bleeding that is not easily explained or occurs outside of normal menstruation. However, it is also used to confirm findings detected in previous ultrasounds or other tests such as hysterosalpingography.

Diagnostic Hysteroscopy

Diagnostic hysteroscopy aims to identify morphological or functional disorders within the uterus. It is indicated for women experiencing abnormal bleeding, infertility, recurrent miscarriages, or suspicious findings from other tests. Through the diagnostic approach, the doctor can determine the presence of a polyp, fibroid, intrauterine adhesions, or other anomalies that affect reproductive ability or cause symptoms.The procedure is relatively short and often performed without general anesthesia, offering diagnostic precision with minimal discomfort for the woman. In many cases, findings from diagnostic hysteroscopy lead directly to therapeutic intervention.

Operative Hysteroscopy

Operative hysteroscopy involves the immediate treatment of abnormalities identified during the diagnostic phase. In practice, this means that the gynecologist can remove a polyp, eliminate adhesions, or even perform procedures such as endometrial tissue removal, without the need for an additional surgery. The ability to combine diagnosis and treatment in a single session offers significant advantages for the woman: fewer visits, faster resolution of the issue, and reduced need for anesthesia or prolonged recovery. In addition, the procedure is usually non-traumatic and performed without external incisions.

When Is Hysteroscopy Performed?

The most appropriate time for performing hysteroscopy depends on the woman’s cycle and the purpose of the examination. It is usually recommended right after menstruation, when the endometrium is thin and visibility inside the uterus is optimal. In scheduled diagnostic cases, the exact date is determined by the attending physician to ensure the accuracy and safety of the examination — especially if combined with operative intervention or as part of IVF preparation.

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Preparation of Procedure Step-by-Step

Proper preparation for hysteroscopy is crucial for the success of the procedure and the avoidance of complications. Before the examination, the gynecologist evaluates whether the woman is a suitable candidate and provides detailed instructions on what to expect and how to prepare. Preparation includes a set of actions that ensure the safety of the procedure as well as accurate diagnosis or therapeutic intervention.

Step 1 Preparation Before Hysteroscopy

During the preoperative evaluation, the doctor will take the woman’s medical history and review any medications or supplements she is taking. In many cases, temporary discontinuation of medications that affect blood clotting — such as aspirin or anticoagulants — is recommended. Additionally, blood tests, a pregnancy test, or a vaginal exam may be requested, depending on the purpose of the hysteroscopy. The patient is thoroughly informed about what to wear on the day of the procedure, whether fasting is required, and whether she will need someone to accompany her afterward. In some cases, the doctor may administer preoperative medication to facilitate cervical dilation.

Step 2 How Is Hysteroscopy Performed?

On the day of the hysteroscopy, the woman is asked to empty her bladder and change into special medical clothing. Depending on the nature of the procedure (diagnostic or operative) and the location (clinic or hospital), local anesthesia, sedation, or general anesthesia may be administered. The choice depends on the complexity of the procedure and the patient’s overall health condition. The woman is positioned in the gynecological position, and the doctor begins with a careful vaginal and cervical examination. Then, the cervix is gently dilated to allow insertion of the hysteroscope. The instrument is passed through the vagina and cervix until it reaches the uterine cavity. During the procedure, a special fluid is introduced to expand the uterus and remove any secretions, providing a clear visual field. The gynecologist thoroughly examines the endometrium and the tubal openings. If necessary, micro-instruments can be inserted through the hysteroscope to remove polyps, fibroids, or other pathologies. This allows for a combined diagnostic and operative approach in a single session, without the need for a second intervention.

Step 3 Duration and Characteristics of the Procedure

The duration of hysteroscopy varies depending on the purpose of the examination. Diagnostic hysteroscopy typically lasts 5 to 15 minutes, while operative hysteroscopy can extend up to an hour, especially if additional interventions are performed. In cases where it is combined with other procedures such as laparoscopy, the total duration may be longer. The procedure is characterized by minimal invasiveness, short recovery time, and high diagnostic accuracy. The choice of anesthesia, preparation, and duration are personalized based on each woman’s needs and the severity of the findings.

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Recovery & What to Expect

The recovery period after hysteroscopy is usually short and without significant complications, especially when the procedure is diagnostic. However, it is important for every woman to know what to expect in the days that follow in order to manage symptoms properly and return safely to daily life.

After the hysteroscopy, mild abdominal cramps may occur, similar to menstrual pain, which subside within a few hours. Light vaginal bleeding for a few days is also normal, as is mild swelling or a sensation of heaviness in the pelvic area. Returning to work and normal activities can take place even the next day, provided the woman feels well. If the hysteroscopy was operative, rest time may extend by one or two days, primarily to avoid physical strain.

As for resuming sexual activity, abstinence is recommended for a few days — until the bleeding completely stops and cervical sensitivity subsides. The first menstrual period may be slightly delayed or have different intensity, which is considered normal.

How Long Does the Bleeding Last?

Vaginal bleeding after hysteroscopy is a common symptom and generally should not cause concern. Its duration depends on the type of procedure and the woman's physical condition. In most cases, bleeding is mild and lasts 1 to 3 days. If it was an operative hysteroscopy — such as the removal of a polyp or fibroid — bleeding may continue for up to 5 or 6 days, gradually decreasing. It is important to avoid using tampons and to prefer sanitary pads during this time. If bleeding lasts more than a week or is accompanied by severe pain, foul-smelling discharge, or fever, you should contact your attending physician immediately.

When Can I Get Pregnant / IVF

The ability to conceive after hysteroscopy depends on the initial indication for the procedure and the nature of the intervention performed. In cases where hysteroscopy was performed to remove intrauterine polyps, adhesions, or other obstacles affecting fertility, the chances of successful conception usually improve significantly. As long as there is no bleeding and the gynecologist approves, attempts at conception can begin even in the next cycle. However, in cases where hysteroscopy is part of IVF preparation, a specific treatment plan is often advised in collaboration with the fertility specialist. The ideal time to begin trying to conceive or start an IVF cycle is always determined based on the type of procedure, the body’s response, and the recommendations of the medical team. Partnering with a specialized assisted reproduction center ensures personalized guidance and the best possible prospects for pregnancy.

Cost of Hysteroscopy in Greece

The cost of hysteroscopy in Greece can vary significantly depending on the type of procedure (diagnostic or operative), the medical facility where it is performed, the use of anesthesia or sedation, and whether it is covered by EOPYY or private insurance. Knowing the factors that influence the total price helps women plan financially and choose what best suits their needs.

What Affects the Cost of Hysteroscopy?

Type of Hysteroscopy

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is simpler and usually has a lower charge compared to operative hysteroscopy, which includes therapeutic actions such as the removal of polyps or fibroids.

Private or Public Hospital

In public hospitals, hysteroscopy is partially or fully covered by EOPYY, while in private hospitals, pricing is based on each institution’s policy.

Anesthesia

The use of sedation or general anesthesia increases the total cost, especially when an anesthesiologist is required.

Type of HysteroscopyaMedical Team & Technological Equipment

The experience of the physician, the infrastructure of the hospital, and the complexity of the examination can affect pricing.

Frequently Asked Questions About Hysteroscopy

Is hysteroscopy painful?

The sensation during hysteroscopy varies from woman to woman and depends on the type of examination and the anesthesia used. In diagnostic hysteroscopy, many women feel mild cramps similar to period pain, and the discomfort usually lasts a few minutes. If the procedure is operative, sedation or general anesthesia is applied, so the woman feels no pain during the procedure. After the intervention, mild discomfort may occur, which subsides with simple painkillers.

How soon can I return to my normal daily life?

Returning to daily activities is quick for most women. In the case of diagnostic hysteroscopy, most can return to work and light activities within 24 hours. If the procedure is operative, one to two days of rest are recommended, avoiding intense exercise or prolonged standing.

Do I need to follow a specific treatment after hysteroscopy?

Usually, no long-term medication is required. The doctor may recommend mild painkillers or antibiotics to prevent inflammation, especially after an operative procedure. In some cases, hormonal preparations are prescribed to restore the endometrium, especially if hysteroscopy is related to fertility treatments.

Are there any restrictions after the examination?

Yes, for preventive reasons it is recommended to avoid sexual intercourse for a few days after the procedure, to minimize the risk of infection. Also, tampons, vaginal douching, and swimming in the sea or pool should be avoided until bleeding has completely stopped.

Can hysteroscopy be performed during menstruation?

Hysteroscopy is not recommended when a woman is menstruating, as the blood in the uterine cavity significantly reduces visibility and the accuracy of the examination. The ideal time to perform it is immediately after the end of the period, when the endometrium is thin and the uterine cavity is clear.

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 93 days ago
 
 
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 100 days ago
 
 
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 129 days ago
 
 
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 131 days ago
 
 
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 134 days ago
 
 
  I would like to share my experience with Dr. Makis Papadopoulos, an outstanding gynecologist and scientist. We first connected in the summer of 2024, while he was based in Germany, through a mutual acquaintance, following a particularly challenging period for us. Prior to meeting him, we had gone through repeated unsuccessful attempts of stimulation and fertilization with other gynecologists. Unfortunately, those approaches relied largely on standardized protocols, without sufficient personalization to address the specific needs of my case. From the very beginning, Dr. Makis stood out for his human-centered approach and his willingness to dedicate time to truly understand our situation in depth. With strong, up-to-date scientific knowledge, he approaches every case holistically, focusing on individualized treatment and adapting protocols to the patient's unique needs. Throughout our collaboration, which now spans approximately two years (with a few breaks on our side), he has consistently been available, supportive, and clear in his guidance. He inspired confidence and helped us stay positive even during difficult phases of the journey. Beyond his scientific expertise, what truly sets him apart is his genuine care for the person behind each case: his empathy, honesty, and continuous effort to achieve the best possible outcome. My husband and I are deeply grateful for his support and guidance, and we now feel ready and optimistic to move forward to the next final stage. We highly recommend him to anyone seeking a gynecologist with true expertise, professionalism, and compassion. I would like to share my experience with Dr. Makis Papadopoulos, an excellent gynecologist and scientist. We met in the summer of 2024, when he was in Germany, through a mutual acquaintance, after a particularly demanding period for us. Before meeting him, we had gone through repeated failed attempts at stimulation and fertilization with other gynecologists. Unfortunately, the approaches that had been followed were mainly based on standardized protocols, without the necessary individualization to the specifics of my case. From the beginning, Dr. Makis stood out for his human approach and his willingness to spend time to understand our case in depth. With modern knowledge and scientific training, he approaches each issue multidimensionally, emphasizing the individualization of treatment and adapting the protocols to the real needs of the patient. During our collaboration, which now spans about two years (with short breaks on our part), he was always available, supportive and clear in his guidance. He inspired confidence in us and helped us remain optimistic even in difficult phases. In addition to his scientific competence, what sets him apart is his genuine interest in the person behind each case: his empathy, his honesty and his constant effort to achieve the best possible outcome. My husband and I thank him warmly for his support and guidance and we now feel ready and optimistic to move on to the next final stage. We highly recommend him to anyone looking for a gynecologist with real knowledge, professionalism and humanity.

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   Faidra 
 135 days ago
 
 
  Dr. Makis Papadopoulos is an excellent gynecologist and above all an excellent person! I truly thank him for his support and care during the egg freezing process. Although my case was particularly demanding, he stood by me with patience, knowledge, great experience and real interest. Our communication was direct and human, while his availability at the many appointments made me feel safe at every step. The protocols were designed specifically for me, aiming for the best possible result, while also taking into account the cost of the medications. I recommend him with all my heart to every woman who wants to trust someone for something so important and sensitive for her.

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   Iliana 
 137 days ago
 
 
  I highly recommend Dr. Makis, he is an incredible specialist. My journey was far from easy, encountering several challenges that  made the process feel overwhelming at times. What sets him apart is his willingness to go beyond standard procedures. He developed a specialized, custom protocol, tailored to my situation, which ultimately made all the difference. Beyond his technical expertise, his calm and clear communication kept me grounded throughout the process. I am so grateful for his persistence and high level of care!

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