G-CSF Treatment in IVF

The success of embryo implantation is a decisive step in in vitro fertilization. For some women, the thin endometrial lining of the uterine wall becomes an obstacle to successful implantation. At Fertulity clinic, we apply specialized treatments such as G-CSF (Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor) infusion, offering an innovative solution to enhance endometrial receptivity. This page clearly explains what G-CSF is, how it is administered, and in which cases it is recommended, helping you understand when and how it can increase the chances of success in your attempt.

What is G-CSF and How Does it Work?

G-CSF (Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor) is a specific protein that stimulates the production of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that contributes to the body’s defense. In the context of assisted reproduction, G-CSF is used as a therapeutic option to enhance the receptivity of the endometrium, i.e., the lining of the uterus. It is mainly aimed at women who face issues with embryo implantation due to insufficient endometrial lining. The treatment can be administered either intrauterinely or via subcutaneous injection, aiming to create a more favorable environment for the successful attachment and development of the embryo.

How It Acts on Endometrial Tissue

The effect of G-CSF on endometrial tissue is immediate and targeted. When injected intrauterinely or administered subcutaneously, G-CSF activates cellular mechanisms that enhance blood circulation, cellular regeneration, and a low-grade inflammatory response, which is considered beneficial for endometrial preparation. These processes contribute to the increase in thickness and functionality of the endometrium, facilitating embryo attachment and increasing the chances of successful implantation. The result is a more “welcoming” endometrium, capable of supporting pregnancy from the critical early stages.

When is G-CSF Infusion Recommended?

G-CSF therapy is not applied to all women undergoing IVF, but in specific cases where implantation has repeatedly failed or when the endometrium presents structural and functional weaknesses. It is a targeted solution for cases where standard pharmaceutical preparation is not sufficient to ensure a suitable implantation environment. The decision for its administration is made by the reproductive physician after a detailed assessment of the patient's medical history and ultrasound findings.

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Repeated Failed Implantations

One of the main indications for the use of G-CSF is repeated failed embryo implantation attempts, despite the transfer of good-quality embryos. In such cases, the issue may not lie with the embryo but with the endometrial environment that does not support attachment. The use of G-CSF can alter the endometrial microenvironment, increasing the likelihood of success in subsequent attempts. The addition of the treatment to the protocol can decisively change the course of the fertility journey for many women.

Thin Endometrium (<7 mm)

Another key indication for the use of G-CSF is the presence of an endometrium with a thickness of less than 7 millimeters, even after pharmaceutical support. A thin endometrium is associated with lower implantation rates, as it does not provide the necessary substrate to support the embryo. Intrauterine or subcutaneous G-CSF administration aims to improve vascularization and cellular density, leading to a significant increase in endometrial thickness and functionality. In many cases, the addition of G-CSF has led to an increase in endometrial thickness within a few days and to successful implantation. Are you considering G-CSF treatment but unsure if it’s right for you? Speak with a specialized Fertulity doctor and receive a personalized assessment based on your medical history.

Are you considering G-CSF treatment but unsure if it’s right for you?

Speak with a specialized Fertulity doctor and receive a personalized assessment based on your medical history.

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G-CSF Treatment Procedure

The administration of G-CSF is simple but requires proper preparation and medical supervision. It involves three basic stages: preparation, infusion, and post-procedure care. Each phase plays an important role in the safety and effectiveness of the treatment.

Before Treatment (Preparation)

The first step in the process includes a thorough evaluation by your attending physician. At this stage, information will be collected about your medical history, current medications, and any previous IVF attempts. The doctor will assess the suitability of G-CSF treatment for your case, identifying potential risk factors or interactions with other medications or supplements. Proper preparation is a critical phase for the safe application and success of implantation.

During Treatment (Infusion)

Once the doctor approves the treatment, the administration of G-CSF proceeds, either through subcutaneous injection or, in some cases, via intravenous infusion, depending on the needs and protocol of each IVF unit. The procedure lasts a few minutes and is performed in a controlled medical environment. Most women feel no pain or serious discomfort during application. Your doctor may ask you to immediately inform the team of any symptoms or reactions that may occur, although such incidents are rare.

After Treatment (Monitoring)

After the infusion is complete, the treatment continues with careful monitoring by the medical team. The goal is to assess the endometrial response and confirm that the desired thickness and proper texture for implantation have been achieved. You may be asked to repeat an ultrasound check or schedule a second dose of G-CSF if the outcome of the first application is insufficient. The next step is embryo transfer, now in an endometrial environment more receptive and favorable for successful implantation.

Benefits of G-CSF Treatment & Success Rates

G-CSF therapy is one of the most promising options for women who experience implantation difficulties during IVF. The greatest advantage of the treatment is the improvement of endometrial receptivity, which significantly increases the chances of implantation, especially in cases where previous attempts have failed. Additionally, the enhancement of endometrial thickness and quality provides a more stable substrate to support the embryo during the critical first days.

The application of the treatment is short, painless, and performed without the need for surgical intervention or general anesthesia. It is worth noting that G-CSF is often combined with other supportive therapies, such as PRP, for even greater effectiveness in difficult cases.

Although every body responds differently, studies show that in selected cases, G-CSF can significantly increase implantation rates. That is why it is recommended as a solution for women with a history of repeated failures or inadequate endometrial thickness. The key factor for success remains the personalized evaluation and proper application of the treatment by specialized medical staff.

G-CSF Therapy Cost

G-CSF therapy is considered a supplementary approach in assisted reproduction, and its cost depends on the number of applications and the chosen protocol. Usually, one or two intrauterine infusions are required per IVF cycle, depending on the endometrial response and the doctor’s instructions. The cost covers medical evaluation, procurement of the pharmaceutical preparation, and the infusion procedure, performed in a sterile environment by specialized personnel.

At Fertulity clinic, we ensure complete transparency and honesty in our pricing policy. We provide detailed information before the start of treatment, with no hidden charges. Additionally, it is possible to combine G-CSF therapy with other supportive treatments such as PRP, with specially designed cost packages for increased effectiveness and financial flexibility.

For more information or a personalized offer, you can contact our team directly.

Frequently Asked Questions About G-CSF Therapy

Is G-CSF treatment safe?

G-CSF treatment is considered safe when applied under the supervision of a specialized doctor. Most women do not experience side effects, and administration takes place in a controlled environment with strict protocols. Your doctor will assess in advance whether you meet the criteria for treatment based on your medical history and any potential drug interactions.

Does G-CSF infusion hurt?

No special preparation is required before the Intralipid infusion, although fasting for a few hours or following doctor’s instructions may be recommended. Allergy screening (e.g., for soy or egg) is also performed, and it’s best to avoid intense physical activity on the day of treatment. Your physician may request a blood test a few days prior to evaluate your general health status.

How quickly are the treatment results visible?

G-CSF’s effect on endometrial tissue is relatively immediate. Typically, within a few days, an increase in thickness and improvement in endometrial quality is observed. The doctor will reassess the findings via ultrasound before proceeding with embryo transfer.

Can the treatment be applied in every IVF cycle?

G-CSF is not applied routinely in every cycle. On the contrary, it is administered in a targeted manner in cases where there is a history of failed attempts or inadequate endometrial thickness. Its application is based on medical criteria and prior evaluation of your body’s response.

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In an era where fertility requires knowledge, care, and substantial guidance, FertUlity is not an impersonal clinic. It is two people who look you in the eye and accompany you step by step on the journey you dream of.

Dr. Maria Oikonomou Obstetrician – Gynecologist

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Dr. Chrysostomos (Makis) Papadopoulos Obstetrician – Gynecologist, MD, PhDc, MIC I

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