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Intrauterine Insemination – IUI

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the mildest and most affordable first step in assisted reproduction, ideal for couples looking to increase their chances of conception without invasive techniques.
The procedure takes just a few minutes, requires no anesthesia, and allows for immediate return to daily activities. With a specialized medical team, 3D ultrasound technology, and personalized guidance, our clinic offers a safe, friendly environment where every attempt becomes a targeted opportunity for pregnancy.

What is Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a targeted, non-invasive method of assisted reproduction that significantly increases the chance of pregnancy. During the IUI process, specially processed sperm is placed directly inside the uterus, bypassing the natural barriers encountered on the path from the cervix to the fallopian tubes.

This way, more vital sperm reach close to the egg at the right time, shortening the distance and enhancing the opportunity for fertilization. The technique is also known as "artificial insemination" and is often chosen as the first therapeutic step before more complex solutions, offering effectiveness without the physical or financial burden of other methods.
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In which cases is IUI recommended?

IUI is not applied in every case, but it offers excellent results for selected indications. Below are the most common cases where IUI is the recommended choice.
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Women under 35 with a short infertility period

IUI is mainly indicated for women under 35, especially when the period of trying to conceive is less than 12 months. In this age group, success rates are higher due to typically good ovarian function and better treatment response. Moreover, the method is a mild intervention preferred as a first step before considering more complex techniques such as IVF.

When tubal patency is confirmed

A necessary prerequisite for IUI is that the fallopian tubes are open—i.e., no adhesions or blockages. Proper patency allows the egg to travel toward the fallopian tubes and meet the sperm, maintaining the natural course of fertilization. Confirmation is done via hysterosalpingography or foam-based tubal testing.

Anovulation and ovulation induction

For women without ovulation (e.g., PCOS), IUI can be combined with medication to induce ovulation. With the administration of specific drugs (like clomiphene or FSH), one or two follicles develop and are synchronized with the sperm injection, increasing the chances of pregnancy.

Cervical mucus abnormalities

When there is a deficiency or unusual composition of cervical mucus, sperm cannot effectively pass through the cervix. In these cases, IUI in a natural cycle (without ovarian stimulation) is particularly helpful, bypassing the cervix and placing sperm directly in the uterus, removing the obstacle.

Mild sperm abnormalities

The method is suitable for couples where the man has mild sperm parameter issues, such as moderate motility or slightly reduced concentration. Through laboratory “washing,” the most vital sperm are isolated, improving sample quality and enhancing fertilization chances.

Cervical lesions after HPV treatments

Women who have undergone cervical interventions due to HPV, such as loop or laser procedures, may develop adhesions or scarring that hinder sperm entry. IUI offers a solution by bypassing cervical abnormalities and allowing sperm to reach the uterus directly.

Use of donor sperm

IUI is the most recommended method for couples or women using donor sperm, such as in cases of severe male factor infertility or in single-parent/same-sex families. The processing and safe injection of the sample is done under the highest safety and quality control standards.

Preparation before the procedure

Proper preparation before IUI plays a decisive role in its success. Below are all the key stages leading up to the procedure.

Ovulation monitoring

Timing the procedure

Sperm sample preparation

Precisely identifying ovulation is essential for timing the IUI. 
This can be achieved in two ways:
Home ovulation tests
Urine tests detect the sudden surge of the LH hormone, indicating ovulation will occur in the next 24–36 hours.
1
Transvaginal ultrasound
By visualizing the follicles on the ovaries, the doctor determines the ideal time for insemination.
Often, an hCG injection is given when the dominant follicle reaches the right size to control the exact timing of ovulation.
2
Once ovulation is confirmed or induced with medication, IUI is scheduled exactly 24–36 hours later.
This timing precision allows for optimal alignment of sperm injection with egg release, enhancing fertilization chances. The treating doctor designs a personalized plan for each case, including clear instructions on when the woman should come to the clinic.
On the day of insemination, the partner provides a sperm sample in a specially designated clinic area. If donor sperm is used, the frozen sample is thawed.
Then:
The sample undergoes laboratory “washing,” a process that isolates the most motile and morphologically normal sperm.
Harmful substances that could cause uterine cramping or inflammation are removed.
The final sample is small in volume but highly concentrated in healthy sperm, increasing the likelihood of success.

Step-by-step IUI procedure

The intrauterine insemination (IUI) procedure is simple, brief, and organized into three main stages performed with precision, comfort, and safety for the woman.

Preparation and positioning

1
The woman is positioned on a gynecological chair, like during a regular check-up. The doctor uses a sterile tool (speculum) to gently open the vagina and access the cervix. The processed sperm sample, enhanced in the lab, is loaded into a syringe connected to a very thin and flexible catheter. The catheter is then gently inserted through the cervix into the uterus. Placement is painless and takes about one minute.

Sperm injection

2
Once the catheter is properly inside the uterine cavity, the sperm sample is slowly and carefully injected in a steady flow to prevent cramping or discomfort. The volume is small (about 0.4–0.6 ml), but highly concentrated and rich in vital sperm. This process takes about another minute. Then, the catheter and speculum are gently removed in order.

After the insemination

3
The woman remains lying down for 5–10 minutes to allow the sperm to move naturally toward the fallopian tubes, where it may meet the egg. She can then resume her daily activities, as no recovery is required. IUI is timed as close as possible to ovulation—either six hours before or after—to maximize fertilization chances.
The egg survives up to 24 hours post-release, while the processed sperm retains its fertilizing ability for up to 48 hours. At FertUlity, the procedure is performed exclusively by experienced specialists to ensure the precision, comfort, and effectiveness of each attempt.

How successful is IUI? Success rates & factors

IUI success depends on various factors related to the couple’s fertility and cycle quality. A general average success rate is about 15% per attempt, but this number can vary greatly. A woman’s age is crucial: under 35, success rates are significantly higher, while after 38, they noticeably decrease. Additionally, sperm quality and motility, tubal patency, and correct timing with ovulation directly impact outcomes.

IUI relies on a strategy of repeated cycles, as it is a mild, painless, and affordable treatment that can be applied consistently without burdening the woman. With proper evaluation by a fertility specialist and persistence, cumulative success rates improve significantly. Each case requires a personalized approach, and the overall strategy is determined through scientific monitoring to ensure the highest chance of pregnancy.

How much does intrauterine insemination cost?

IUI is one of the most financially accessible assisted reproduction treatments, making it ideal for couples wanting to start with a mild and effective method. The cost can vary depending on whether it’s done in a natural or stimulated cycle, as well as additional required medical services (e.g., ultrasounds, blood tests, sperm processing).

At FertUlity, we maintain full price transparency and offer flexible options, whether it’s a single attempt or multi-cycle packages at preferential rates. Each financial proposal is designed to provide the best possible cost-effectiveness for every couple.

For detailed information about prices and available packages, visit our full pricing page.
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Intra Uterine Insemination Frequently Asked Questions about the IUI Procedure

How many times can I repeat IUI?

IUI can be applied for up to 3–4 consecutive cycles, provided that the basic fertility factors are met (patent tubes, adequate ovarian function, good semen analysis). After that, the protocol is usually re-evaluated, or a change in treatment strategy is suggested.

Is the procedure painful?

The procedure is generally painless. Some women may feel mild discomfort or light cramping during catheter insertion, which lasts only a few minutes and subsides immediately.

Is anesthesia required?

No. The injection is done without anesthesia or sedation. The woman is awake throughout and can return to her normal activities immediately after.

When should I take a pregnancy test?

Pregnancy detection is done with a blood test (beta-hCG) 14 days after the IUI, ensuring a clear and reliable result.

What is the chance of twins?

When IUI is accompanied by mild stimulation, the chance of multiple pregnancy is under 8%. Ultrasound monitoring is used to avoid overstimulation.

Can I use frozen sperm?

Yes. The procedure is equally effective with frozen sperm, as long as cryopreservation and thawing were properly done under lab conditions.

Are there side effects from the medications?

With mild stimulation, side effects are rare and mild. The most common are bloating, breast tenderness, or slight discomfort in the ovarian area.

What if the first attempt fails?

All cycle data (follicles, timing, sperm sample) are evaluated, and the protocol is adjusted for the next cycle to optimize results. Every failure is a chance to adapt.

How long does the visit take in total?

The visit takes a total of 60 to 90 minutes, including sample collection, lab preparation, and the insemination itself. The woman can leave right after and resume her day normally.

Our Doctors

Their knowledge. Their care. Your confidence.

Dr. Maria Oikonomou Obstetrician – Gynecologist

Specialisation: Infertility & Gynaecological Endocrinology
“My goal is for every woman to feel that she has a voice and support on her journey to motherhood.”
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Dr. Chrysostomos (Makis) Papadopoulos Obstetrician – Gynecologist, MD, PhDc, MIC I

Specialisation: IVF & Reproductive Endocrinology
“Science is the foundation. Trust is the key.”
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Why choose FertUlity?

Because here, IVF is not just a medical procedure. It is a personal matter.

At FertUlity, we believe that every couple deserves to feel secure, respected and hopeful. We combine expertise in reproductive medicine, modern IVF techniques and a human approach that makes all the difference.

Our treating physicians, Dr. Maria Oikonomou and Dr. Makis Papadopoulos, are officially specialised in infertility and gynaecological endocrinology, offering personalised protocols for each case. We collaborate with leading units, such as the Institute of Life and the IAMA Clinic, utilising cutting-edge technology, with transparent prices, high success rates and a holistic approach.

We collaborate with leading units, such as the Institute of Life and the IAMA Clinic, utilising cutting-edge technology, with transparent prices, high success rates and holistic support throughout your journey.

FertUlity means reliability, expertise and human interest. Because life begins with the right choice.

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