Recurrent Miscarriages The Path to Motherhood with Safety and Scientific Care

The loss of a pregnancy is always a distressing experience for a couple trying to make the dream of a family come true. When this happens repeatedly, the emotional burden becomes heavier, and the need for trustworthy explanations and practical solutions more urgent. Recurrent miscarriages are a distinct chapter in reproductive medicine, requiring specialized management and heightened empathy. At FertUlity, we believe that behind every recurrent miscarriage there is a cause – and it deserves to be investigated in order to find the right solution. With the appropriate diagnostic tools and therapeutic options, we can turn uncertainty into knowledge and waiting into action.

What Are Recurrent Miscarriages?

Recurrent miscarriages, also known as repeated pregnancy loss, are defined as the loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies before the 20th week. They are classified into two primary types:

Primary recurrent miscarriages: when a woman has never carried a pregnancy to full term and live birth.

Secondary recurrent miscarriages: when one or more successful pregnancies have occurred in the past, followed by recurrent losses.

This distinction is important, as it may indicate different underlying causes and determine different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. However, in both cases, thorough investigation can provide much-needed answers and solutions.

What Are the Causes of Recurrent Miscarriages?

Recurrent miscarriages are a multifactorial problem with possible causes including anatomical, genetic, hormonal, immunological factors, and infections. In some cases, the cause may be easily and clearly identified, while in others more complex investigation is needed. Common causes include:

Uterine anatomical abnormalities

Septums, adhesions, fibroids, or other malformations of the uterus can affect implantation and the successful, full development of the embryo. Traditional hysteroscopy and advanced imaging such as hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy) can reveal such abnormalities.

Genetic and chromosomal abnormalities

These may involve the parents (translocations, single-gene disorders) or the embryo itself. Couple karyotyping and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT-A) can detect such conditions.

Hormonal imbalances

Thyroid issues, low progesterone, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometriosis may disrupt early pregnancy stability.

Immunological factors

Immune system imbalances such as elevated NK cells can result in repeated embryo rejection.

Infections and inflammation

Undiagnosed infections or chronic endometritis play a significant role in pregnancy loss.

Other factors

Maternal age, obesity, smoking, stress, or even poor sperm quality may negatively contribute.

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How Is Diagnosis Performed?

Our approach is based on thorough investigation with full respect and empathy for the couple’s emotional state. Indicative diagnostic tests that can shed light on this complex issue include:

Complete reproductive history

Couple karyotyping

Thrombophilia and antiphospholipid antibody screening

Hormonal panel and thyroid function (TSH, FT4, TPO – Ab, progesterone, prolactin)

Ultrasound and hysteroscopic uterine evaluation

Microbiome and chronic endometritis testing (EMMA, ALICE)

Advanced sperm quality analysis (DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress)

Immune profiling (NK cells, cytokines, HLA compatibility)

Screening for subclinical infections via cultures or PCR

What Is the Therapeutic Approach?

The treatment protocol followed at FertUlity is always personalized and based on diagnostic findings. Some of the available therapies include:

Anticoagulant therapy for thrombophilia (e.g., heparin, aspirin)

Hormonal support with progesterone or thyroxine

Intrauterine therapies for inflammation and chronic endometritis

Hysteroscopic surgery and curettage for anatomical abnormalities

Immunomodulation (e.g., intralipids, corticosteroids, sitagliptin)

PGT-A to select healthy embryos before implantation

With a Plan and Care, Pregnancy Is Achievable

Recurrent miscarriages are not an incurable condition. 60–80% of couples who face this problem and follow a personalized treatment plan eventually have their child.It’s not a matter of faith — it’s a matter of diagnosis and scientific care. At FertUlity, we don’t promise easy solutions. But we do promise to listen to the problem, search deeply for the cause, and guide you with empathy and scientific precision.

Frequently Asked Questions About Recurrent Miscarriages

When do we talk about recurrent miscarriages?

When a woman has experienced three or more consecutive miscarriages before the 20th week.

What tests should I do?

The investigation usually includes genetic, immunological, hormonal, anatomical, and infectious disease tests, depending on the couple’s medical history.

Can a miscarriage be prevented?

In many cases, early diagnosis of the contributing factors and appropriate treatment significantly reduce the risk of miscarriage — though they do not eliminate it completely.

What are my chances of getting pregnant?

Depending on the cause and the treatment applied, success rates increase significantly, especially when even the “small” barriers are not overlooked.

What’s the difference between RIF and recurrent miscarriages?

The main difference is the timing of reproductive failure. In RIF, embryo implantation does not occur — meaning pregnancy never begins. In contrast, with recurrent miscarriages, pregnancy occurs but ends repeatedly in the early stages of the IVF cycle.Although causes may overlap, different diagnostic and treatment approaches are required.

Our Doctors

In an era where fertility requires knowledge, care, and substantial guidance, FertUlity is not an impersonal clinic. It is two people who look you in the eye and accompany you step by step on the journey you dream of.

Dr. Maria Oikonomou Obstetrician – Gynecologist

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Dr. Chrysostomos (Makis) Papadopoulos Obstetrician – Gynecologist, MD, PhDc, MIC I

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All it takes is one first step, and a team that truly listens.

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